Madagascar flag

Madagascar

Republic of Madagascar

Capital

Antananarivo

Region

Africa

Population

31,727,042

Area (km²)

587,041

💡Quick Summary

Madagascar, an island nation in the Indian Ocean off Africa's southeast coast, boasts a population of about 31.7 million and covers 587,041 km², making it the world's fourth-largest island. Its capital, Antananarivo, serves as the economic and cultural hub in this African region, though GDP data is currently unavailable. Renowned for its unique biodiversity, including endemic species like lemurs, the country faces challenges like deforestation while offering stunning landscapes from rainforests to beaches.

Key Insights

Rapid Population Growth and Youthful Demographics

With a high fertility rate of 3.97, Madagascar's population is experiencing rapid growth, reaching over 31 million. This indicates a very young population structure, which presents both demographic dividends and significant challenges for education, healthcare, and job creation.

Significant Health Challenges: High Infant Mortality

Madagascar faces substantial health challenges, highlighted by a high infant mortality rate of 44.200 per 1,000 live births. This rate is indicative of inadequate access to quality healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation, contributing to a relatively low life expectancy.

Low Electrification Amidst Abundant Natural Resources

Despite its large area and diverse natural resources, only 39.40% of Madagascar's population has access to electricity. This low electrification rate is a major barrier to economic development, industrialization, and improving living standards for the majority of its citizens.

Economic Growth Outpacing Per Capita Income Improvement

Madagascar's economy is experiencing a decent GDP growth rate of 4.203%, which is positive. However, with a rapidly growing population and high inflation, the impact of this growth on individual wealth, reflected by a very low GDP per capita of $508.72, remains limited.

Economic Indicators
Latest economic data from World Bank

GDP (Current US$)

$15.87B

Year: 2023

GDP Per Capita

$508.72

GDP Growth (%)

4.2%

Inflation (%)

9.87%

Unemployment (%)

3.07%

Debt to GDP (%)

N/A%

Source: World Bank • Last updated: 12/24/2025

Historical Trends & Data Visualizations

GDP Growth Rate
Annual percentage change in GDP over time
2014201520162017201820192020202120222023-8.00%-4.00%0.00%4.00%8.00%
  • GDP Growth (%)
Population Growth
Total population over time
201420152016201720182019202020212022202308,000,00016,000,00024,000,00032,000,000
  • Population
Life Expectancy
Average life expectancy at birth (years)
20142015201620172018201920202021202220230.0years20.0years40.0years60.0years80.0years
  • Life Expectancy (years)
Renewable Energy Consumption
Percentage of total energy from renewable sources
2014201520162017201820192020202120220.0%25.0%50.0%75.0%100.0%
  • Renewable Energy (%)
GDP Per Capita
Economic output per person (current US$)
2014201520162017201820192020202120222023$0$150$300$450$600
  • GDP Per Capita ($)

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